Solar Thermal Electric

City of Ashland - Solar Rights Ordinance

The City of Ashland has been promoting the use of solar energy since 1981, when it passed one of the first city-wide solar access protection ordinances in the United States. This ordinance contains solar setback provisions designed to ensure that shadows at the northern property line do not exceed a certain height, depending on the zone in which the property is located.

Ashland also includes Solar Orientation Standards for land divisions that create lots in residential zones. The requirements being (A) Where the site and location permit, layout new streets as close as possible to a north-south and east-west axis

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New Mexico Solar Easements & Rights Laws

New Mexico's Solar Rights Act (1977) and Solar Recordation Act (1983) allow property owners to create solar easements for the purpose of protecting and maintaining proper access to sunlight. The Solar Rights Act established the right to use solar energy as a property right. The solar right prevents neighboring property owners from constructing new buildings or planting new trees which would block their access to the sun.

The Solar Recordation Act describes the procedures for filing a solar right through the County Clerk's Office. The property owner seeking the solar right must give advanced notice to the adjacent property owners

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Net Metering

NOTE: In January 2018, National Grid (now RI Energy) filed approval of its revised net metering tariff to include the changed adopted by RI legislation to expand community solar (remote net metering) to include educational institutions, hospitals, and non-profit corporations. It also removes the 30 MW cap on maximum aggregate amount of remote net metering for public entity facilities, multi-municipal collaboratives, educational institutions, federal government, hospitals or nonprofits.

Rhode Island allows net metering for systems up to ten megawatts (MW) in capacity that are designed to generate up to 125% of the electricity that a home or other facility uses

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Net Metering

Eligibility and Availability

In 1988 the Oklahoma Corporation Commission (OCC) adopted terms and conditions of purchase that govern the supplying and delivering of power to a cooperative/utility’s electric system by a small power producer or cogenerator (as the terms are respectively defined under the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978) of 100 kilowatts or less.

Under the adopted rules, net metering is available to all customer classes. There is no limit on the amount of aggregate net-metered capacity, and utilities are not allowed to require new liability insurance as a condition for interconnection.

In April 2014 Oklahoma’s governor signed

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Net Metering

Eligibility and Availability

North Dakota's net metering policy, adopted in 1991 by the state Public Service Commission (PSC), applies to renewable energy systems and combined heat and power (CHP) systems up to 100 kilowatts (kW) in capacity.* Net metering is available to all customers of investor-owned electric utilities; it is not available to customers of municipal utilities or electric cooperatives.

Net Excess Generation

If a customer has net excess generation (NEG) at the end of a monthly billing period, the utility must purchase the NEG at the utility's avoided cost rate.

Aggregate Capacity Limit

There is no specified statewide limit

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Net Metering

Eligibility and Availability

Net metering is available to all "qualifying facilities" (QFs), as defined by the federal Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 (PURPA), which pertains to renewable energy systems and combined heat and power systems up to 80 megawatts (MW) in capacity. There is no statewide cap on the aggregate capacity of net-metered systems.

All utilities subject to Public Regulation Commission (PRC) jurisdiction must offer net metering. (Municipal utilities, which are not regulated by the PRC, are exempt.) Customers are required to be billed for service in accordance with the rate structure and monthly charges that the customer

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Net Metering

Eligibility

New Hampshire requires all utilities selling electricity in the state to offer net metering to customers who own or operate systems up to one megawatt (MW) of capacity that generates electricity using solar, wind, geothermal, hydro, tidal, wave, biomass, landfill gas, bio-oil, or biodiesel. Combined heat and power (CHP) systems that use natural gas, wood pellets, hydrogen, propane, or heating oil are also eligible.*

System Capacity Limit

The New Hampshire Public Utilities Commission’s (PUC) rules for net metering distinguish between small customer-generators (up to 100 kilowatts) and large customer-generators (greater than 100 kW and up to 1 MW). The

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Net Metering

*Note: In January 2023, the Department also opened an investigation (Docket No. 23-20) to implement revisions made according to Section 55 of the 2022 Clean Energy Act (H.B. 5060). Section 55 amended the Single Parcel Rule by allowing Class I, Class II, and Class III solar net metering facilities located on the same parcel as other solar net metering facilities to receive net metering credits if certain requirements were met. The Department approved the changes via an order filed in late November 2024. 

In February 2024, the Department of Public Utilities amended the net metering rules

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Net Energy Billing

Note: 2025 tariff rates approved in late December 2024. Additionally, L.D. 1777, enacted in June 2025, made major changes to Maine’s net energy billing (NEB) program. For kWh credit agreements, any amendment after June 1, 2025, cannot extend the original termination date. Front-of-the-meter systems are no longer eligible for NEB unless operational by June 1, 2026, and once a successor DER program is in place, utilities may not enter NEB agreements with grid-side DG systems. Under the tariff rate program, current rates apply through 2025, with new differentiated rates and a 2.25% annual escalation beginning in 2026. A new NEB

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Idaho Power - Net Metering

Idaho does not have a statewide net-metering policy. However, each of the state's three investor-owned utilities -- Avista Utilities, Idaho Power, and Rocky Mountain Power -- has developed a net-billing tariff that has been approved by the Idaho Public Utilities Commission (PUC). Idaho Power's net-metering tariff is Schedule 6 for residential customers, Schedule 8 for small general service customers, and Schedule 84 for large general service customers. Systems owned or operated by residential and small general service customers must be 25 kW or smaller to participate in net billing. Large general service, large power service, and agriculture irrigation service customers

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